Category Archives: Current Events

The House GOP. Hear Them Squeal!

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Poor GOP. The party of values, Tom DeLay, and Karl Rove. Now that they are the loyal opposition, they seem to have forgotten their time in the sun. Remember the good old days when Majority Leader Tom “The Exterminator” Delay ran roughshod over house Dems? The tide has turned and today they are whining vociferously about the lack of input into legislation.  Should they be surprised at like treatment? Actually, they are not getting like treatment. Boehner and party have been asked to participate in problem solving and, naturally, they have reverted to their rabid, atavistic reflex for eating the liver of any democrat within reach.

US Airways Splashdown on the Hudson

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The Hudson River touchdown of US Airways flight 1549 has been called a miracle by some folks. How these folks would describe the ingestion of a flock of birds in terms of miraculous phenomena has not been disclosed. Whatever it was, the aircrew certainly performed admirably.

If you look at a map of the flight path and note the timing, one minute after the birdstrike the A320 had descended from 4000′ to 2000′. At this phase of flight 1549, the airplane is heavy with fuel, baggage, and people. They are configured for climbout and are navigating in congested airspace at low altitude.  At least one of the pilots has his head on a swivel watching for traffic while the other is monitoring flight control systems.

After the birdstrike, there would be some seconds of confusion where the pilot and first officer would have to analyze the warning annunciators as well as what story the flight instruments are telling them. Loss of power on climbout means a prompt loss of airspeed. Here the pilot and first officer would coordinate their cockpit duties. One pilot will concentrate on flying the airplane while the other would, for instance, focus on an engine restart, declaring an emergency with the tower or TRACON, notify the cabin crew for emergency procedures, etc.

While the pilots are determining what kinds of flight controls they have to work with and what other failures may be unfolding, they have to establish a standard airspeed that will minimize their decent rate. This gives them more time in the air and correspondingly, more landing options.

An airplane does a coordinated turn by banking the wing and tilting the lift vector in the direction of the turn. As you tilt the wing, the force vector acting against gravity becomes smaller and without coordinated input from other controls and a bit of power, the airplane will begin to sink.

The point is that when you bank an aircraft during a deadstick glide, you will increase the sink rate. Looking at the map, the pilot could not afford to lose anymore altitude by attempting to make a gliding turn to Teterboro to get lined up with the runways. They had no choice but to continue straight forward along the direction of the river and hope they could land in the water without dipping a wing and cartwheeling the airplane.

I’d say the aircrew made a series of good decisions.

Martian Swamp Gas

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According to recent reports, space scientists using infrared spectrometers at observatories in Hawaii and Chile have detected low levels of methane in the Martian atmosphere. This finding is consistent with results from as far back as 2003 when several studies reported methane at approximately 45 ppb.  Observers performing the latest work conclude that the observed methane must be of recent origin, given the short half-life of atmospheric methane due to photodegradation. 

The connection of these findings with the possibility of past or present life on Mars has proven irresistable. I’m sure there are group leaders beavering away at mission proposals this very moment based upon these findings.

An explanation that is much less exciting and much more challenging in regard to grant proposals is the abiotic explanation. Here on earth there we have a lesser known and widely overlooked abiotic theory of hydrocarbon origin. Abiotic hydrocarbons are often referred to as primordial and are known to exist in planetary atmospheres elsewhere.

According to John S. Lewis, Physics and Chemistry of the Solar System, 2nd edition, 2004, Elsevier, Inc.,  p. 159, the mole fraction of methane in the atmosphere of Jupiter is 0.001 and for Saturn it is 0.002.  The mole fractions of water are 0.001 and 0.002 respectively. Among heavy atom species, only ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, neon, and argon approach these levels within a factor of 0.5 to 0.1.

Oxygen and carbon are two of the most highly abundant heavy atoms and to see them richly represented as their respective hydrogen compounds isn’t so surprising.

At some point in the formation of the solar system, atomic carbon and atomic hydrogen were cool enough to collide and form molecular methane.  Hydrogen with its larger mole fraction would be expected to dominate bond forming interactions with carbon atoms, forming H-saturated methane.

Given the abundance of methane in the gas giants (and don’t forget the methane atmosphere of Titan)  it is hard to discount that Mars has trapped methane in the vast interstitial spaces of the interior of the planet. Methane is known to form clathrate structures with water, so perhaps the proposed underground reservoir of Martian water is comingled with methane.

I believe we should be exploring Mars. But I am increasingly uncomfortable with this stream of “Entertainment Tonight” titillation coming from NASA in regard to the possibility of life on Mars.  Perhaps our culture isn’t as advanced as we assume. Space exploration has always had a large political prestige component to it. Contractors need new contracts and politicians are always keen to bring funding to their districts.  If it takes our lesser angels to make it work, then so be it.

A Constitution in Need of a Few Revisions

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An article in the Alantic Monthly by Garrett Epps entitled “The Founders Great Mistake” offers some observations on weaknesses in the US constitution regarding the Presidency.  In particular –

The most dangerous presidential malfunction might be called the “runaway presidency.” The Framers were fearful of making the president too dependent on Congress; short of impeachment—the atomic bomb of domestic politics—there are no means by which a president can be reined in politically during his term. Taking advantage of this deficiency, runaway presidents have at times committed the country to courses of action that the voters never approved—or ones they even rejected.

Epps offers several examples of runaway presidency. The example of Andrew Johnson is particularly good-

Andrew Johnson was the next unelected runaway. Politically, he had been an afterthought. But after Lincoln’s assassination, Johnson adopted a pro-Southern Reconstruction policy. He treated the party that had nominated him with such scorn that many contemporaries came to believe he was preparing to use the Army to break up Congress by force. After Johnson rebuffed any attempt at compromise, the Republican House impeached him, but the Senate, by one vote, refused to remove him from office. His obduracy crippled Reconstruction; in fact, we still haven’t fully recovered from that crisis.

Epps, a law professor at the University of Baltimore, points out the origin of the mysterious electoral college-

The system that the Framers developed for electing the president was, unfortunately, as flawed as their design of the office itself. When Madison opened discussion on presidential election in Philadelphia, he opined that “the people at large” were the “fittest” electorate. But he immediately conceded that popular election would hurt the South, which had many slaves and few voters relative to the North. To get around this “difficulty,” he proposed using state electors. Electoral-vote strength was based on a state’s total population, not on its number of voters—and the South received representation for three-fifths of its slaves both in the House of Representatives and in the Electoral College.

The electoral college was merely a scheme to manipulate the weighting of ballots in states with a low fraction of voters among the population. In other words, it was a “duct tape and baling wire fix” to accomodate the slave states embarrassingly low fraction of voting adults. This antebellum artifact should be abandoned in favor of simple vote counting.

The citizens of the USA need to have a better mechanism with which to fire a President who is crooked or incompetent. The provision for impeachment carries a high threshold for activation. A president must engage in some kind of serious malfeasance to provoke the congress to vote for impeachment. But the application of this provision has been very nonlinear. Clinton was impeached for lying about consensual sex. Bush arguably lied or at least tolerated falsehoods leading to the invasion of Iraq and the resulting civil war with tens of thousands of deaths. Depending on the congress for an even application of its powers is a sketchy proposition.

The framers of the constitution did not anticipate the situation where an incompetent president might be elected by “low-information voters”.  A government that has usurped the consensus of the electorate and is allowed to remain in play because of a fixed period of tenure is a government that serves only itself.  This is wrong and we should not stand for it.

PbNN- Plumbum News Network

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Some folks get more than 15 minutes of fame. Case in point- Joe the Plumber.  The career arc of Joe “The Plumber” Wurzelbacher continues to cover new terrain, this time landing him a gig with Fox News as a correspondent specializing in media bias. Joe’s impeccable credentials as just plain folks and his compelling profile has caught the attention of the News Department at Fox. His brush with the McCain-Palin juggernaut was possibly helpful as well.

Joe has been sent abroad to investigate disturbing reports of liberal American media bias. News organizations covering the freedom crusade being waged in the middle east by George II have been less than forthcoming about our inherent righteousness.

This regular Joe has been imbedded in the field to faithfully report the unvarnished truth in a manner recognizable to the sensibilities of the Everyman. And since Fox News has a special knack for speaking truth, Joe was anointed by these Sons of Murdoch to follow the star of freedom eastward and bring back the truth to quench the thirst of a nation parched for hopeful news.

Alright. I’ve finished my lampoon. Joe has become a cartoon character but doesn’t seem to be aware of it yet. There must be some kind of PT Barnum character in Joe’s life who is milking the media’s tongue-in-cheek fascination with him.

I sincerely hope that something good might come from Joe’s expedition to Israel. But there seems to be little original analysis possible for the sad and tragic situation between Israeli Jews and the nascent Muslim caliphate. Each party claims a special relationship with the Diety and, accordingly, each has no option but to prevail.

Chemist Alert! NFPA 400 to be posted in May 2009.

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The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) is an international nonprofit organization dedicated to the prevention of fire related incidents. The have recently pitched a set of regulations as NFPA 400 pertaining to the storage of hazardous materials. The comment period is long over and soon the rules will be issued as a published document.  While the NFPA is not a regulating body, their rules are widely adopted by government organizations and promulgated.

If you have not taken the chance to review some of these documents, it is well worth your time as a chemical professional to do so. Why? Because the practice of chemistry is being dramatically necked-down in terms of the kinds of chemistry that can be practiced and the manner in which materials are stored. Not only is your local fire marshal packing a stack of NFPA based fire codes, but a whole host of federal regulators are armed with regulations from Homeland Security, EPA (i.e., TSCA), DOT, REACH, and an alphabet soup of regulatory coverage aimed at every conceivable substance.

Organizations that oversee chemical operations include the chemical industry, hospitals, agriculture, mining, and academia. All organizations are under the obligation to provide a safe workplace for the employees. It makes sense to minimize employee exposure to risk. But the web of applicable regulations for any given chemical operation is expanding by the day.

Not only is an organization obliged to conduct business in compliance, but quite often there is the requirement of self-reporting of noncompliance. An organization finding itself out of compliance is an organization in need of legal representation. The nuances relating to most any kind of regulation are such that your average company president will generally be unwilling to settle the malfeasance with the regulatory agency without the help of an attorney. This is the point where a jet of cash starts flying out of the company coffers.

So, the question of the effect on academic chemistry arises.  Academic chemistry departments are seeing increased coverage under the regulatory umbrella as well. Should academic research labs have some sort of dispensation given the nature of the activity? Given that OSHA regulations may not be applicable to students, academic labs are already under somewhat less scrutiny. More to the point, how much government intrusion should researchers accept in relation to the kinds of chemicals they work with and store and the kinds of risks that are taken during research?

This is important for a very good reason. The issuance of proposed rules by organizations like NFPA results in regulatory pressures that eventually find their way to individual researchers. But the researchers don’t hear about it directly from NFPA. The University Health and Safety department hears about the regulations (or guidelines) and they apply requirements on chemistry departments. Faculty being faculty, they’ll perform a gritching ritual and eventually comply.

Generally, the arrival of new regulations results in new constraints. The end result is that the department has to spend more to operate the labs and students receive less experience with interesting chemistry. This whole unfortunate trend of increasing government oversight of all things chemical will eventually neuter US chemical education and industry leaving a bland and uncompetitive culture averse to risk.

I hate to be critical of fire safety people. But I also hate to see chemical education and research hamstrung by well intended parties who have devised highly detailed and extensive rules that will seep into every aspect of the chemical sciences. I am aware of absolutely no pushback of any kind when it comes to this matter.

There Be Dragons!

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There is a theory brewing that the ignorant wielding of statistics-based risk management is deep at the heart of the current financial panic. Nassim Nicholas Taleb is quite outspoken in this matter. He goes on at length about the inadequacies of statistical methods for financial risk management.

NY Times writer Joe Nocera [link may require free subscription] echoes this sentiment- but in greater breadth- in a recent article in the NYT. Nocera focuses on Value at Risk- VaR.  Since my statistics training is limited, the reader will have to draw their own conclusions on the merits of this methodology.

Taleb warned about “Black Swans” a while back in a book by that title.  A man not overly burdened with modesty, Taleb has transcended to the status of an Illuminati due to his prescience on the blindness of statistics-based financial risk management in predicting low frequency catastrophic events, or Black Swans.

Perhaps the old cartographic flourish “There Be Dragons!” should be updated to “There Be Black Swans!”

Empty Seat on the Carbon Bandwagon

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Sometimes it is best to simply shut up and link to a superior post. This is such a time. In a recent posting, one writer, Harold Ambler, comes out against Al Gore in the global warming debate. While I am skeptical about his assertions on the effect of the solar flux on the earths geomagnetic dynamo, I think Ambler otherwise brings together quite a few good points I have seen elsewhere.

The ticket to my seat on the carbon bandwagon will soon post on Ebay.

Microsoft finds new method to deposit eggs in host

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A Microsoft patent application claiming pay-as-you-go computing has appeared. The claimed method will apparently allow you to pay for only the capacity and tools that you select. A commentary can be found on ars technica.

Imagine being a lab rat and watching the lab tech prepare a new type of surgical device for use on you. That’s about how I feel right now after hearing this news.