Category Archives: Politics

Happy 100th Birthday Albert Hoffmann!!

Albert Hoffmann, the discoverer of LSD, turned 100 years old this year on Juanary 11th.  Happy Birthday, Albert!  Scienceblogs.com relates the story of Hoffmann’s first deliberate LSD trip on April 19th, 1943.  You might recall that Hoffmann was the Sandoz chemist who stumbled upon the psychotropic activity of lysergic acid diethylamide.  

Just this last week, the medical journal The Lancet called for an end to the “demonization” of psychedelic drugs, according to Guardian Unlimited.  The motivation behind the editorial in the Lancet was to urge a loosening of taboo’s connected with the use of psychedelic compounds.  The widespread criminalization of psychedelics has made research with these interesting molecules quite problematic. 

Perhaps the day will come when such materials are decriminalized and it will be possible to visit a psychedelic spa where one could go to have a safe dosage administered by qualified staff.  But it wouldn’t be all fun and games, though.  While the euphoric experience can be prolonged and profoundly vivid, there is a dark side.  An account of the experience of the psychiatrist Werner Stoll is described in Chapter 4 of Hoffmanns book “LSD. My Problem Child”.

Hoffmann and Sandoz would watch their discovery move from a psychiatric adjunct to a full fledged inebriant adopted by a counter culture movement.  In his book, Hoffmann laments-

    This joy at having fathered LSD was tarnished after more than ten years of uninterrupted scientific research and medicinal use when LSD was swept up in the huge wave of an inebriant mania that began to spread over the Western world, above all the United States, at the end of the 1950s. It was strange how rapidly LSD adopted its new role as inebriant and, for a time, became the number-one inebriating drug, at least as far as publicity was concerned. The more its use as an inebriant was disseminated, bringing an upsurge in the number of untoward incidents caused by careless, medically unsupervised use, the more LSD became a problem child for me and for the Sandoz firm.

    It was obvious that a substance with such fantastic effects on mental perception and on the experience of the outer and inner world would also arouse interest outside medical science, but I had not expected that LSD, with its unfathomably uncanny, profound effects, so unlike the character of a recreational drug, would ever find worldwide use as an inebriant. I had expected curiosity and interest on the part of artists outside of medicine-performers, painters, and writers-but not among people in general. After the scientific publications around the turn of the century on mescaline-which, as already mentioned, evokes psychic effects quite like those of LSD-the use of this compound remained confined to medicine and to experiments within artistic and literary circles. I had expected the same fate for LSD. And indeed, the first non-medicinal self-experiments with LSD were carried out by writers, painters, musicians, and other intellectuals.

Today, psychedelic substances are considered to be drugs of abuse and their use will lead to a long stay at the Gray Bar Hotel. Our Puritanical heritage seems everlasting. But rather than wallow in pity for my unenlightened brothers and sisters, I look forward to a brighter future where one could sit in a licensed psychotropic suite and explore the deepest recesses of consciousness brought out in full non-linear display, say, while listening to music. Everybody associates acid rock with LSD. That’s too easy. I’ve often wondered what it’d be like to listen to Leon Redbone in an altered state of consciousness.  Kinda curious about what a baritone sax does to a brain on acid.  Or David Bowie- Major Tom.  I’m showing my age. 

Yet another mass shooting in our USA

The news of the mass shooting at Virginia Tech just seems to get worse as the day wears on.  There aren’t words to describe it. 

After the grisly scene in Blacksburg is cleaned up and the bodies are buried, we’ll once again switch on the TV and watch programming glamorizing gun-toting tough guys and violence. Not a night goes by on television where some plot isn’t based on the menacing of women by crazed or angry men, most with guns.  Some people will solve problems with guns and others will cause problems with guns.  The message is that guns bring satisfaction and command respect. Just look at the very title of the series The Sopranos and listen to the lyrics.  “Woke up this mornin’ and got myself a gun …”

Maybe there is no causal connection between entertainment and what this shooter did.  But I cannot help but believe that the more or less constant exposure to violence in our entertainment doesn’t dull our sensibilities and lower our threshold for what constitutes acceptable behaviour.  Regardless, we have to start somewhere and cleaning up our tastes in entertainment is relatively painless.  We need to create less demand for this crude stuff.

Obviously, the shooter is responsible for the murders, not the inanimate steel mechanism.  But the common fascination we have with the gun and it’s stylized, even mythical, application means that this mechanical device has some kind of hold on us.  Its ease of use and its ability to deliver death from a great distance makes it possible for anyone to deem themselves a “warrier” for a few minutes.

We are horrified by such violence when it is real. But we entertain ourselves with painstakingly elaborate dramatizations of it.  We are gratified to watch fictional characters engage in gunplay with bad guys.  We cheer as fictional cops rough up suspects because, as we all know, bad guys really shouldn’t have rights. 

There is no mysterious or complex phenomenon to sort out here. Our American culture has a form of fragmented personality disorder with respect to gun violence.  I don’t know if it’ll do a damned bit of good, but we need to come down from the saturation level of violence in our entertainment and recreation. The first thing we must do is to remove a bit of the glamor of gunplay. 

We don’t have to give up our guns.  But we do need to develop a new viewpoint or an advanced ethos about them. We need new icons and archetypes.  It is time to retire CSI and The Sopranos as popular iconography.  We must find better ways to fulfill our self image and need for power besides being handy with a gun.  How do other societies do it?  Any suggestions??

Here is an interesting link to a rebuttal in the Daily Kos written by someone said to be from VT.

Bush Administration’s Soldiers of Fortune

Lordy.  The very notion that our federal executive branch is managing a contractor army to promulgate its policies, apparently outside of the oversight of the legislative branch, is the kind of revelation that takes your breath away.  

The presence and extent of mercenaries, or commercial warriers, has been popping up in the news lately.  This video is given by Jeremy Scahill, an investigative reporter at The Nation.  The Bush II administration has placed soldiers of fortune in Iraq (and elsewhere?) whose fundamental operating sensibilities may be rooted in their company Articles of Incorporation rather than the ideals of a nation state.  On a recent edition of Fresh Air, Terry Gross interviewed Scahill and he recounted some chilling observations related to the emergence of the private army business.

No doubt, the DoD has a thousand page contract and hard drives full of MIL-Spec terms and conditions that a contractor must abide by.  But the contractors are well paid for their trouble. 

What the people of the United States lose, apparently, is accountability.  One of the reasons a nation state has a military is to promulgate foreign policy.  The checks and balances and the separation of powers provided for in the US Constitution assure that power is shared and that there is accountability by each of the branches. However, what we have here is a circumstance whereby one branch of government has war-zone contractors obligated to the DoD, which is under control of the Executive Branch.  Exactly what is their status in regard to congressional oversight?

Let me clarify my point. It isn’t clear that there is anything inherently wrong with the US government hiring militarized contractors.  However, everything is wrong when we hire military contractors who are hidden from, or are not subject to our system of checks and balances.  It is doubly true when we ask these people to expend ammunition on our behalf.

What US law covers the conduct of US military contractors in a foreign conflict? What is their status if they are captured?  Would they be non-military combatants and be disqualified from international law covering the humane treatment of prisoners of war? Would other nations treat them like we treat the detainees at Gitmo- i.e., criminals with no rights or due process? 

What rights here at home do these folks have in comparison to US military veterans?  Do not the people of the US owe some debt of gratitude for their sacrifice? I think so.  Will Haliburton or Blackwater see to their medical needs in 20 years? Good questions.  The federal government, for all of its flaws, does have resources that function over multi-decade timeframes. 

Whereupon Gaussling spoke in allegory

After a deep but unrestful slumber, I awoke to find myself in a dark wood. I cannot account for exactly how I came to be in this gloomy place. It is a hard thing to grasp even now.  As I look back to that dark encampment, my heart quickens at the knowledge of what is to follow.  

After many hours of climbing through the dense thicket, I chanced upon a path that lead through the gloom to a valley whose hilltops glistened in the morning sunlight.  As I trod over a small hillock to the opening of the valley, I spotted a jackal some distance ahead in the path before me.  I stopped to rest for a while and ponder the situation. As I rested, the fearful animal disappeared into the tall grass of the glade.  Having lost some of my weariness, I again took to the sinuous path in the direction of the now rising sun.

The day wore on and the shadows retreated to their origin under the noonday sun. I began to notice large, flat field stones along the path.  As I continued my journey, they became greater in number and were festooned with a great many lichen encrusted runes. The stones were partially buried and had evidently been organized at some time in the distant past.  I am familiar with many styles of writing and symbols, but these marks were decidedly odd. Not only were they unfamiliar, but they were chisled by a hand accustomed to a wholly different way of using language.  I found one particularly large stone with a great many markings on it.  As I looked at the marks, I stepped around it to view the runes from different directions, trying to ascertain some form of structure and syntax.

What could these stones represent? After some time, I began to note that certain markings were found elsewhere, though in different combinations. Perhaps through inattention I wandered from the path for some distance into the glade.  Finally, shaken from the enchantment of these stones I tried to regain my bearings. I struck off in the direction of a nearby col in the mountains, hoping to intercept the path by sundown. 

As I broke a trail through the high grass a moving shape caught my attention.  It was on the left side of my view and may have only been a bird taking flight from a shrub. I had nearly forgotten about the curious animal I spotted earlier in the day, so the movement startled me.  Was it a shy visitor or a predator? Trying to take my mind off this unpleasant topic, my mind returned to the runes. What could they be saying?

[With apologies to Dante Alighieri- Th’ Gaussling]

Cold War II

In case you were sleeping, the Bush administration has looked up from its reassembly of Humpty Dumpty in the middle east and noticed, in apparent dismay, that relations with Russia and South America have fallen apart.  Golly Batman, how could it have happened?

That fountain of truth, Pravda, has been faithfully grinding out their grievances in regard to US insolence around the world.  Now that Russia has extinguished most of its free press, they can focus on a more coherent message.

Perhaps someone can set me straight.  The Soviet Union implodes in the early 1990’s. Arguably the most notable political event of the latter 20th century. Russia experiments with market economics. Yeltsin leaves. KGB veteran Vlad Putin takes power. Some oligarchs go to prison. Bad time in Chechnya. Journalists are assassinated. Dissassembly of what went for a free press happens.  Polonium murder of Litvenenko.  Putin initiates dispeptic criticism of US policy in general, and US plans for missile placement in former eastern bloc real estate in particular.  US awakened from desert trance to find that Russia is pissed.

Perhaps if the Dobson krewe in Colorado Springs were more interested in Russian politics they might have directed Cheney to pay more attention.  Wow. Did I say that? That was really cynical.

Active Denial System- RF Radiation Weapons

It appears that some of our clever friends and neighbors at the local military/industrial complex have been busy designing millimeter-wave radio frequency weapons.  Last year the DoD announced the development of a new form of weapon billed as non-lethal to fill the “gap between shoot and shout”.  The device consists of a powerful rf source and what must be a fairly narrow beamwidth antenna for illuminating unruly people.  The website includes video clips of test subjects and their descriptions of what it feels like to be on the receiving end of this radiation weapon. 

I refer to it as a radiation weapon because that is precisely what it is.  Millimeter wave radiation is directed at a person or a crowd and in short order the recipients in the beam feel their skin temperature rise to discomfort. Whether it truly raises skin temperature or the sensation is an artifact of surface electrical currents in the skin is unclear. The fact is that it can cause instantaneous discomfort and anxiety about burning to a crisp.  Obviously, the purpose is to discourage aggressive behaviour in individuals or of crowds and do so in a non-lethal manner. 

So, really, what is wrong with this?  In a sense it is like a shock collar on a dog.  An occasional burst of juice causes the unruly dog to suspend the offensive behaviour.  The dog learns the lesson and is not physically harmed by it. 

I’ll admit to being quite uncomfortable with this “technology”.  The potential for abuse and exploitation is staggering.  If a short burst of rf energy will cause people to scatter or desist their behaviours, what will a long exposure do?  And, just what happens to someone on prolonged exposure?

What is the difference between negative reinforcement and torture?  Is it the difference between a 5 second exposure and 60 seconds?  And, when will a tin-pot dictator acquire this capability now that we have proudly trotted ours out?  Whereas ours will have controls for non-lethal operation, would a terror group or arms merchant bother to have safety protocols to guard against overexposure? Maybe a stripped down version absent interlocks will be the weapon of choice among African dictatorships.

How long will it take for civilian units to come on stream? What US city will be the first to acquire one of these things for crowd control and when?  LA?  DC?  NYC?? 2015? 2020?  Pretty soon every SWAT commander will be clamoring for one “just in case”.  Whose march on the Capital Mall in DC will trigger the first use of such a device on civilians? 

Can the energy be reflected back to the source or in some other direction?  Is a metal trash can lid or aluminized mylar blanket an effective countermeasure?  Maybe we’ll see rock throwing 12 year olds in Gaza with a stone in one hand and a trash can lid in the other after its inevitable introduction in the middle east.

Microwave/millimeter technology is ubiquitous.  No nuclear materials. No ammunition.  Just a powerful rf source and an antenna. No doubt arms merchants are already lining up buyers for this weapon of mass agony.

What a lamentable development for mankind.  Our ability and willingness to commit violence from a distance is one of our greatest downfalls.

Better Gadgets

The National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) announced on 3-2-07 that the US would be pursuing the Reliable Replacement Warhead (RRW) program.  The program makes a lot of sense on many levels. But the timing of the press release is a bit odd.  Certain sandy states will no doubt notice the irony of the program. While the US is browbeating them into abandoning their dreams of a fissile future, we on the other hand are pursuing better and safer nukes.  Of course, we’ll argue that it is a smaller and safer stockpile, and I’m sure that is true. But I’ll wager that the next generation nuke will be designed for better efficiency as well. 

Maybe we’ll launch them from the new Cheney Class of submersible aircraft carriers…

Clancy’s World of Spooks

It is like a disease. I find myself drawn to Tom Clancy novels.  I picked up Rainbow Six the other day. Other than his Op-Center series, I think I’ve read most of his books.  Clancy is one of the most successful writers in this genre.  Airport bookshops have been good for him.  When I was in the travelling phase of my career, his books were great for passing the time in airports.  Millions of us have read his books.

And millions of us have read Clancy’s idealized interpretation of how the clandestine world operates.  I won’t indulge in a superficial crtitque of the genre or his writing. But I would like to suggest that a population of readers who have followed the characters and themes of his immensely popular books might have developed certain impressions or even, shall we say, expectations, of the those who practice this tradecraft.

After reading his highly detailed and richly woven stories, one might develop the idea- subconsciously, mind you- that the clandestine services were capable of doing anything they set out to do.  Could it be that decades of Clancy’s stories have adjusted the expectations of countless readers in tems of what was possible in the world of the black arts? Could it be that such fiction has inadvertantly prepared our minds in such a way as to accept the assertions of government leaders when they tell us that hostile states have certain threatening capabilities? Surely, with all of the assets and talent at our disposal, when our elected leadership says that a threat exists, can’t we be certain that the conclusion was based on well placed human assets and has been through a series of tests and filters to verify the accuracy and magnitude of the threat? 

For those in power, the notion of “expertise” is not only useful, it may even be critical.  We all want to know that our safety is in the hands of experts. It is a comfort thing. Leaders need to be able to assure the population that experts are on the job and all will be well. 

I would suggest that there is no such thing as “expertise” as an intellectual destination.  There is only a continuum of confusion.  And some of us are more confused than others.

Worlds in Collision- Idiots Out Wandering Around

I had the great privilege of doing my post-doc along side some smart and colorful folks.  Fellow post-docs from various parts of the world. In particular I was fortunate to have worked with some folks who came to the USA as Soviet scientists in 1990. Later all but one went back as Russian scientists.  This one in particular was a stunning beauty from near Lake Baikal in Siberia.  She was a first-rate experimentalist who was built like a fashion model from Paris.  She had “The Look”.

I recall the time she and I went to the Symphony.  She was dressed in a short and slinky green dinner dress with a plunging neckline below those electric eyes and high cheekbones.  I was a freshly divorced and mildly oafish- an ethnic Iowegian- chronically depressed and wrapped accordingly in a poorly fitting blue sport coat with tattered khaki slacks.  Just call me “Goober”.  OK. That’s Dr. Goober.  Of course, this was Texas so I fit right in …

As we entered the lobby, I could hear the necks creaking as heads craned in our direction with the odd slapping noise as jaws dropped to the floor. My colleague had that affect on people. Well, I’m not actually stupid. I could tell we were at the receiving end of many furtive glances.  But they were not admiring glances. They were questioning glances. As if to ask “What is that goddess doing with that imbecile?”  Now, being recently divorced and not unaccustomed to being stomped in the head by women, I took it in good humor and in stride.  For this lovely Russian beauty and I were dear friends and colleagues and it was my great privilege and pleasure enjoy the concert with her that evening in that stunning auditorium in San Antonio.

Today she is the Director of Chemistry for a startup pharma company. And me, well I’m a blogger.  Some months after this occurance, I attended a Gynocology convention with a friend who was doing her residency in OB-GYN. But that is another story.

Frequently wrong, but never in doubt

More and more I find myself afflicted with fellow travellers along the timeline who are never in doubt of their judgement, but they are frequently wrong nonetheless.  There has to be some archetype from literature or Greek mythology that symbolizes this. Maybe there is some character from a Greek tragedy who, as a leader, was destined for a fall as a result of such a trait. Perhaps someone out there has a nominee for this position.

One sees examples of this in business organizations not infrequently. Some openly discuss their views, but often with the presumption of making a disclosure of “what we’re going to do”.  Others sit quietly, rarely contributing to open discussions where ideas are put on the table for dissection.  These fellows might listen to others debate, but they prefer to sit quietly and observe while others reveal the content of their thinking. Rather than adopt or synthesize new concepts openly, they will tend to note commentary that aligns with their pre-existing view. This is where that most loathsome of characters, the yes-man, can gain a strong foothold in an organization.