Author Archives: gaussling

About gaussling

Gaussling is a senior scientist in the chemical business. He occasionally breaks glassware, spreads confusion and has been known to generate new forms of hazardous waste. Gaussling also digs aerospace, geology, and community theatre.

American Plutocrats and Commoners

It is really interesting how American commoners can support a political party that obviously serves interests of the top money earners and wealthy elites in this country. Perhaps they are waiting for some scraps to fall off the table? Or some of that lucre to dribble down their way in the form of a fabulous $9.00/hr retail job?   But, “commoners”?  What does that mean?

I figure that since the country seems bent on heading in the direction of a 19th Century-style society of stratified income classes, we may as well dust off the Victorian terminology and talk about how life is going to be. 

Power is the ability to allocate resources. As more and more resources come under the control of a wealthy minority, government seems to align itself increasingly to a small pool of influential and wealthy elite.  With the election of the upcoming congressional class, it is very clear that wealthy corporations and individuals are getting what they paid for-  statutory favors and influence in the deconstruction of the federal system of government. It is no coincidence that politicians from southern states, where an upswing in antebellum sentiment is afoot, are especially keen on the topic of states rights and other confederate sympathies.  Old antipathy is being dusted off and tried on for size.

Since SCOTUS has affirmed that money equals speech in Citizens United v Federal Election Commission, and that corporate funding of broadcasts cannot be limited under the First Amendment, anonymous streams of cash from conservative donors have flooded the 2010 election.  Such is the power of persuasion made by big money that a class of deconstructionists has been elected to the next session of congress.

Americans commoners have a fetish about the ways of the megawealthy.  Dial up CNBC sometime when Warren Buffett and Bill Gates are interviewed at one of the Ivy League B-Schools. Watch all of the gaga-eyed MBA students as they hang on every utterance proffered by these two American Plutocrats. It is a form of rapture. The students and faculty are under a kind of enchantment. But this is no different from the country at large. Watch how commoners behave around Donald Trump, or Oprah for that matter.

One of the things that will have to change in the near future is a rewrite of the local zoning codes pertaining to shanty towns and squatting.  As the population grows, as raw material scarcity increases, and as wealth continues to shift toward the wealthy side of the bell curve, more and more people will find themselves unable to house themselves. Increasingly we see a housing system heavily relying on credit and background checks, high rents, and the need to commute in America’s now balky system of suburbs.  The suburb system places a great distance between work centers and living centers, making transportation problematic for our up-and-coming dirt poor class.

As the population of dirt poor and destitute rises due to deindustrialization and dissolution of social safety nets (say, by 2030), all flexibility in the system will begin to play out and people will find themselves living in shanties and refrigerator boxes. They’ll become squatters. The local constables will have to deal with them because municipalities will refuse to compromise property values and will shun the homeless.

Let’s see.  What will the growing class of homeless do with their time? Write poems about the joys of laissez faire orthodoxy? I think that somebody will put together an appealing manifesto on insurrection.

Maybe our own village idiot, Glenn Beck, is right. Maybe there is a revolution underway. But I don’t think it is the one he is expecting.

Agricola Christmas

I indulged in the purchase of a book I’ve had my eye on for a while. It is the English translation of De Re Metallica by Georgius Agricola, translated by Herbert Hoover and wife Lou Henry Hoover. This book (or collection of books) was published ca 1550. The English translation came out in 1912, written  by a young mining engineer from Iowa who would eventually become a US president. De Re Metallica is available in newly printed paperback form.

One issue that had stymied previous translators was the fact that Agricola wrote in Latin, a language that had been effectively dead for a thousand years, and Agricola needed vocabulary for situations that were not anticipated while the language was alive. So he invented vocabulary. Somehow the Hoovers were able to noodle  through this.  The translation is heavily footnoted.

Agricola was the first western scholar to document the mining arts as well as considerable geology and mineralogy. While I have not gotten too far with the book, it is apparent that mining technology in the European middle ages was fairly sophisticated by way of the mechanical contrivances used in the operations. Explosives would have been welcome then, but that was not to be for a long time.

They had milling machines, hoists, and sluices. They also performed cupellation, smelting, and calcining. Agricola discusses ore bodies, surveying, milling, property rights, and a host of other practical issues relating to oeprating a mine.

The book was published by a rare book publisher who performs print on demand (POD). There are a number of publishers who do this. Typically the copyright has fallen into the public domain.

Arsenic- Pnictogen of the Week

The news of a bacterial life form that not only resists the toxic effects of arsenate but has been reported to use arsenate in place of phosphate has reverberated around the scientific world.  If the reported results are to be believed, then plainly this is a very significant find. (I haven’t been to the local library to read the Science article myself and I’m too cheap to pay for a download!)

From the reviews I have read, the paper reports the presence of the Group V oxoanion arsenate in the organism.  But the presence of an arsenate as a functional group in a biomolecule apparently has not been substantiated. I think this has to happen before we break out the champagne. Arsenate linkages have to be made in vivo by enzymes in order to qualify this as a new kind of life form.  It would be nice to hear about a successful enzymatic emplacement of arsenate in a controlled experiment. So far, all we know is that the organism is extremely tolerant of arsenate.

12/10/10. UPDATE.  My my my. Now we’re starting to hear doubters chiming in on the news of arsenious life forms at Mono Lake. What is that flushing sound?? Could it be the sound of careers circling ’round the porcelain bowl on the way to pergatory?  Remember Pons and Fleischman.

Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence.   C. Sagan

New play, new role

Ended up with a part in our upcoming production of The Odd Couple. This one’ll be in a real theatre with an orchestra pit and a balcony.  I’m one of the card players. I get to be very ascerbic, which is something I can comfortably saddle up on. We have only 5 weeks ’til opening night so the pressure is back on. This play has a fair amount of physical comedy in it. And as before, we have some very experienced regional actors in it. And then there is me. I have to admit that it is more than a little intimidating.

Patent holiday

It’s been days since I’ve shaved. I’ve spent 3 solid days over the Thanksgiving holiday hunkered down in my office studying patents and following threads through the IP swamps of Mordor.  A friend has engaged me to do some consulting and needs an IP map of a particular realm of industrial chemistry. I have no confidentiality overlap with this area of technology so I agreed. It sounded so easy when I said yes and estimated my fee. Now that I have blown well past anything I could ever hope to recover in terms of billable hours, I’m still blasting and hand shoveling muck from the pit of my own making.

His company is currently putting a plant in the ground to produce a well known commodity and the question foremost in their minds is- what added value beyond [—] does the product have?

I’m reasonably good at diving down the rabbit hole in the patent world and finding what I need to know. But the current project has forced me to press into use more USPTO resources since I don’t have a personal SciFinder account for this work. Especially useful has been the classification system.  Patent lawyers will scoff at my swoon over this and flash their Esquire stinkeye since they are all too familiar with it. But chances are they don’t use SciFinder like chemists do.

SciFinder’s ability to find patent families from a structure or CASRN input is phenomenal. Even from within Markush claims.   I’ve had one search with combined SciFinder/USPTO resources compared with legal specialists using their own search tools. My search was just as exhaustive as theirs. Yes, SciFinder has flaws. And not finding claims is like a negative experiment.  But it is a very good tool for combing the ground.

Part of my approach stems from my natural inclination to browse. I drive people nuts when I go to a store with them because I will thoroughly examine the contents of the store for interesting items.  I drive the merchants nuts because my browsing rarely results in a sale.  (Notice that the theme is that I drive people nuts.)

Once you find a lead patent it is important to search the classification as well as cited patents. It is a simple matter to do a search by classification and dredge up hits. Once the fish are on board, it is about sorting the results and casting the trash fish back in the water. 

Google Patents is an excellent resource and I heartily recommend it. It retrieves pdf’s of the entire patent document as well as providing links to patents cited and those patents citing the patent of interest. It also links to the the classification site at the USPTO. A simple click of the mouse in the USPTO site pulls up a search of all of the patents under that classification.

On occasion, Google patents will not retrieve a particular patent or application. This seems to happen with very newly issued patents and applications in general. For this circumstance I use pat2pdf.org.  You might have to monkey with the formatting of the application number string, but it almost always returns the document eventually.

OK. It’s fine to be able to retrieve a bunch of patent numbers and pdf’s. But soon one becomes overwhelmed by the large amount of highly dense data that has been recovered.  In my surveys, I use a form meant to collect key information, but sized in a manner so as to limit the amount of detail I can write down. Feel free to use this form or modify it as you please.

Patent Summary Blank Form

At some point it becomes useful to use Excel to develop a matrix of patent information. In particular, one can retrieve a list of patents from the PTO and cut and paste them into Excel. They’ll paste as hotlinks, so all you have to do is to right click on the cell and select the unlink option. Tedious but effective.

I have developed an Access database to store patent information and other IP office actions and produce reports for due diligence studies. This is very handy, but eventually you become enslaved by upkeep as is true with all database tools.

Am I suggesting that one does his own lawyering? Not at all.  But if you’re in high tech manufacturing, one must be very careful to avoid infringement. It it crucial that a few technical people in the organization be familiar with the patent picture.  It is far better to avoid infringement in the first place than to have to find a way out of it.

The best way to use a patent attorney is to be informed in all interactions with them.  While they can often noodle through a problem presented to them by napkin scribblings and hand waving, it is best for the client to be knowledgeable about the patent landscape and to help the attorney to focus on the key legal issues. Good lawyering happens when the attorney clearly understands the nuances of the problem and can act accordingly. Having a list of prior art or other IP facts will save you billable hours in the form of research and needless office actions.

Your attorney is an officer of the court and has a legal obligation to honesty and fidelity to the system.  Being well informed in advance and working cooperatively with a patent attorney will go a long way to staying out of litigation.

The other good reason for closely studying the patent literature is to find what some call the “white space”.  This is the negative space around the claimed art that is not claimed and is likely to be free to practice or fertile enough to file a application on. If you Google “patent white space” you’ll find that this is a cottage industry.  A study of white space may provide insight into maneuvering room around a patent.

Mashed potato process

One way to ruin your mashed potatoes is to boil them and then “mash” them with a food processor. This will disrupt the starch bodies and afford a thick, snotty paste suitable for gluing GOP posters to utility poles.

Here is a nice way to prepare mashed potatoes. While a pot with a quart and a half of water is coming to boil, peel and cube 4 Russett potatoes. Peel and cube a yam and combine the whole mass of cubed tubers into the pot, bring to a low boil and cover.  Yukon Gold potatoes are even better. If you’re feeling less adventuresome, use half a yam. Enjoy a can of Old Chub or a suitable substitute during the process.

After 20 minutes of reflux, test for softness.  The potatoes should still be slightly firm, but not solid.  The yams will disintegrate first if refluxed too long.

Carefully drain the hot water and add a quarter stick of butter and a half cup of milk. Using a hand held mixer or a hand held masher, mash the light orange mixture to the desired consistancy, adding more milk or cream as needed.  Consider what pleasure there might be in a coarse consistancy.

Transfer to a large bowl and nestle a pat of butter in the top. To the mound of potatoes sprinkle a light dusting of Hungarian Paprika and serve. Enjoy.

The tell-off

One of the tricks screen writers and playwrights use to pull you into the finale of a story is the tell-off.  You know what I’m talking about. It is the monolog or the heavily one-sided dialog where one party reads the riot act to the other.  The best tell-offs are dispensed with some verbal whup-ass and topped with liberal dollup of comeuppance on a big honkin’ slice of just deserts. My Gawd, it’s some kinda good!

In the play I was in recently, my character was told off or shouted down by three other characters. The tell-off and a chase scene are the staples of American theatre and cinema.

Here is a link to an editorial addressed to the president of SUNY Albany, found in the journal Genome Biology. So, president Gerrge M. Philip has been told-off in no uncertain terms.  Now, somebody in a red Fez has to chase him through a seedy bazaar in Marrakech with goats and chickens scattering everywhere for the total dramatic effect.  It’s the natural order of things.

Th’ Gaussling’s Epistle to the Phosita’s. PTO is Hiring

Got an email from a  friend who is a patent examiner. I thought I’d pass the rumor that the US Patent and Trademark Office is planning to hire 1000 more examiners in the coming months, 100 of which will be in the chemical field.  The USPTO website seems rather perky as well.  I can’t verify the accuracy of the number of hires planned- it’s just what my examiner friend said.

The good news is that it is a job with benefits. The bad news is that you have to live in the DC area, study patent applications all day, and haggle with endothermic patent attorneys.  For an interesting view of life as an examiner, read the blog Just a Patent Examiner.  Remember, Einstein was a patent examiner. Hmmm …. I wonder if he understood novelty?

My friend said that the goal is to fill the slots before the hoard of angry Tea Party Pissants take over the house next year.  (Well, ok. He said republicans. I made up the part about Tea Party Pissants)

I can’t bring myself to apply.

I wonder if an examiner must have more than ordinary skill in the art? An Über-Phosita.

Terrorists Successful. Americans Terrified.

While the underwear and shoe bombers may have been unsuccessful in their attempts to bring down a jetliner in flight, they were successful in inducing other manifestations of terror.  The US has been installing whole body scanners capable of penetrating clothing so that nameless and faceless citizens employed by TSA or whomever may inspect our body topography.  In addition to this radiological peepshow during check-in at the airport, TSA security has been authorized to pat down our private parts.   

Cause:  Two imbeciles board airplanes and attempt to initiate their explosives. They failed.  Effect:  The USA, the most powerful military-industrial complex for maybe hundreds of parsecs in all directions, is so freaked out by the presence of a mouse on the kitchen floor that it contrives to supply absolute security.  History is full of many examples of foolish attempts by states to provide absolute security.  The impulse to attain absolute security becomes the lever by which authoritarian states pry liberty from the hands of its people. 

The members of the booboisie who promulgate this foolish notion are not automatically bad people. As viewed from lunar orbit, their intentions are superficially honorable. The gaping flaw is that they accept the premise that trading in the protection against unreasonable search and seizure for what can only be a miniscule uptick in security, is a fair trade. 

It is most assuredly not a fair trade, but it seems to have already been made for us. I strenuously object.

Update:  A friend advises that there are already countermeasures available f0r the scanners.  I would recommend a screen printed lead-based paint with an appropriately artful design that would hide, or perhaps exaggerate the body part to be shielded. Alternatively, a witty slogan may be printed.  Perhaps we can source the lead-based paint in China?

Copper Prices at Record High Level

So, as we bob along in the US pablum news cycle, a news nugget unknown to many of us is the fact that China is undergoing a building boom that is driving the price of copper to record levels.  Despite reports of plummeting rents and rising office vacancies in Shanghai, China is consuming vast amounts of extracted resources from countries like Chile and Peru for large scale electrification projects.

In particular, copper is in heavy demand. And with heavy demand comes high prices.  On the Shanghai market, for instance, copper was recently selling at ca $4.50 per pound and a bit lower on the London exchange. Prices are up sharply since the Cu price collapse in 2008.

According to Bloomberg Business Week, 2009 copper sales of $9.8 billion to China represents 19 percent of exports and 6 % of GDP to Chile.  Chile is experiencing a boom in copper exports from what some are viewing as a Chinese construction bubble.

China is not buying copper in the form of finished goods. It is buying ore concentrates from operations like Cerro Verde in Peru.  After ball milling, the copper sulfide ore is concentrated by froth flotation and eventually put on a boat to China. There it will be refined to a grade suitable for electrical use.

And speaking of metals, China has announced it will speed up exports of rare earth elements to Japan.  This is good news for all of us since Japan is one of the major consumers of REE’s out side of China.  Interestingly, 20-30 % of China’s rare earth output smuggled out of the country.